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Thiosemicarbazide
| PubChem CID: | 2723789 |
|---|---|
| Structure: | Find Similar Structures |
| Chemical Safety: | Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary (LCSS) Datasheet |
| Molecular Formula: | CH5N3S |
| Synonyms: | Thiosemicarbazide79-19-6HydrazinecarbothioamideN-AminothioureaaminothioureaMore… |
| Molecular Weight: | 91.14 g/mol |
| Dates: | Modify:2019-11-09Create:2005-03-26 |
| THIOSEMICARBAZIDE is a white crystalline powder and is odorless. This material is used as a reagent for ketones and certain metals, for photography and as a rodenticide. It is also effective for control of bacterial leaf blight of rice. Not a registered pesticide in the U.S. It is a chemical intermediate for herbicides and a reagent for detection of metals. (EPA, 1998) |
Contents
- 1 GHS Classification
- 2 IdentifiersExpand this section
- 3 Physical PropertiesExpand this section
- 4 Toxicity DataExpand this section
- 5 Health and SymptomsExpand this section
- 6 First Aid
- 7 Stability and ReactivityExpand this section
- 8 Storage and HandlingExpand this section
- 9 Cleanup and DisposalExpand this section
- 10 Information Sources
1GHS Classification
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| Pictogram(s) | |
|---|---|
| Signal | Danger |
| GHS Hazard Statements | Aggregated GHS information provided by 58 companies from 8 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.H300 (100%): Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]H412 (31.03%): Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. |
| Precautionary Statement Codes | P264, P270, P273, P301+P310, P321, P330, P405, and P501(The corresponding statement to each P-code can be found at the GHS Classification page.) |
from European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
2Identifiers
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2.1CAS
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79-19-6from ChemIDplus; DTP/NCI; EPA Chemicals under the TSCA; EPA DSSTox; European Chemicals Agency (ECHA); HSDBRelated CAS
4346-94-5 (mono-hydrochloride)from ChemIDplus
2.2InChI
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InChI=1S/CH5N3S/c2-1(5)4-3/h3H2,(H3,2,4,5)Computed by InChI 1.0.5 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)from PubChem
2.3InChI Key
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BRWIZMBXBAOCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-NComputed by InChI 1.0.5 (PubChem release 2019.06.18)from PubChem
3Physical Properties
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3.1Physical Description
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THIOSEMICARBAZIDE is a white crystalline powder and is odorless. This material is used as a reagent for ketones and certain metals, for photography and as a rodenticide. It is also effective for control of bacterial leaf blight of rice. Not a registered pesticide in the U.S. It is a chemical intermediate for herbicides and a reagent for detection of metals. (EPA, 1998)U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1998. Extremely Hazardous Substances (EHS) Chemical Profiles and Emergency First Aid Guides. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.from CAMEO Chemicals
3.2Odor
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OdorlessLewis, R.J. Sr.; Hawley’s Condensed Chemical Dictionary 15th Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York, NY 2007., p. 1238from HSDB
3.3Melting Point
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356 to 363 °F (EPA, 1998)U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1998. Extremely Hazardous Substances (EHS) Chemical Profiles and Emergency First Aid Guides. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.from CAMEO Chemicals
183.0 °Cfrom EPA DSSTox
3.4Solubility
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0.11 MBEILSTEINfrom EPA DSSTox
In water, 1./0X10+4 mg/L at 20 °CBeilstein. MDL Information Systems. Available from STN International, as of Aug 18, 2014: http://www.stn-international.de/stndatabases/databases/beilstei.htmlfrom HSDB
3.5Vapor Pressure
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0.0087 mm Hg at 25 °C (est)US EPA; Estimation Program Interface (EPI) Suite. Ver. 4.11. Nov, 2012. Available from, as of Aug 18, 2014: http://www.epa.gov/oppt/exposure/pubs/episuitedl.htmfrom HSDB
3.6Decomposition
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When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of NOx and SOx.Lewis, R.J. Sr. (ed) Sax’s Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th Edition. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ. 2004., p. 3457from HSDB
4Toxicity Data
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4.1Toxicity Summary
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IDENTIFICATION AND USE: 1-Amino-2-thiourea is an odorless white crystalline powder or long needles from water. It is an intermediate for pesticides, especially herbicides, and pharmaceuticals; used in certain photographic and dye applications and used as a reagent for the detection of metals. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Thioureas are potential sensitizing accelerators and antioxidants used in the manufacture of rubber which may cause irritant contact dermatitis. ANIMAL STUDIES: Subcutaneous injections of thiosemicarbazide into postnatal mice caused convulsions in mice when treated on the day 7 or later but not on the days 1-5. The latent period of the 1st convulsion was 115 min in mice injected on the day 7. The convulsions were inhibited by pyridoxine-HCL, but not by pyridoxal phosphate. GABAergic antagonists (1-amino-2-thiourea) enhanced aggressive behavior and decreased the social behavior of mice. 1-amino-2-thiourea was noncarcinogenic in mice and rats. The agent was teratogenic in chick embryos when applied to the vascular area on the 3rd day of incubation at 0.5 to 1 mg it produced deformities of the wing and beak, but not harelip. ECOTOXICITY STUDIES: Exposure of Rana sylvatica tadpoles to 25 mg/L or more caused a curvature of digits, abnormal limb articulations, difficulty in swimming, and death. Wood frog (Rana sylvatica) tadpoles were exposed to 50 mg thiosemicarbazide (TSC)/L water for varying lengths of time and at different developmental stages. Short exposure periods (3 and 6 hr) resulted in no visible deformities. Exposure periods of 12 or more hr caused slight to severe abnormalities, with a direct relationship between length of exposure and degree of deformity. Tadpoles exposed to TSC from posthatching Days 24-30 were more seriously affected than were tadpoles exposed at an older age.from HSDB
4.2Non-Human Toxicity Values
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LD50 Norway Rat adult oral 13 mg/kgO’Neil, M.J. (ed.). The Merck Index – An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. Cambridge, UK: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2013., p. 1734from HSDB
LD50 Rat oral 9160 ug/kgLewis, R.J. Sr. (ed) Sax’s Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th Edition. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ. 2004., p. 3457from HSDB
LD50 Mouse ip 1 mg/kgLewis, R.J. Sr. (ed) Sax’s Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th Edition. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ. 2004., p. 3457from HSDB
LD50 Mouse sc 16,407 ug/kgLewis, R.J. Sr. (ed) Sax’s Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th Edition. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ. 2004., p. 3457from HSDB
LD50 Mouse iv 13 mg/kgLewis, R.J. Sr. (ed) Sax’s Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th Edition. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ. 2004., p. 3457from HSDB
LD50 Dog oral 10 mg/kgLewis, R.J. Sr. (ed) Sax’s Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th Edition. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ. 2004., p. 3457from HSDB
LD50 Cat oral 20 mg/kgLewis, R.J. Sr. (ed) Sax’s Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th Edition. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ. 2004., p. 3457from HSDB
LD50 Guinea pig ip 24 mg/kgLewis, R.J. Sr. (ed) Sax’s Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 11th Edition. Wiley-Interscience, Wiley & Sons, Inc. Hoboken, NJ. 2004., p. 3457from HSDB
5Health and Symptoms
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5.1Fire Hazard
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When heated to decomposition, very toxic fumes of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides are emitted. (EPA, 1998)U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1998. Extremely Hazardous Substances (EHS) Chemical Profiles and Emergency First Aid Guides. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.from CAMEO Chemicals
6First Aid
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Warning: Highly toxic by ingestion. May be mutagenic in human cells. Signs and Symptoms of Thiosemicarbazide Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to thiosemicarbazide may include eye and skin irritation, excessive salivation, vomiting, pulmonary edema, pleural effusions, central nervous system stimulation, and seizures. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to thiosemicarbazide may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to thiosemicarbazide. 2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for performance of other invasive procedures. 4. Transport to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to thiosemicarbazide. 2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 3. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes as soon as possible. 4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5. Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. 6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for performance of other invasive procedures. 7. Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 2. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3. DO NOT induce vomiting. 4. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert. Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 30 to 100 g (1 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5. Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims. Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 30 to 100 g (1 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 6. Transport to health care facility. (EPA, 1998)U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1998. Extremely Hazardous Substances (EHS) Chemical Profiles and Emergency First Aid Guides. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.from CAMEO Chemicals
7Stability and Reactivity
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7.1Reactivity Profile
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Isocyanates and thioisocyanates are incompatible with many classes of compounds, reacting exothermically to release toxic gases. Reactions with amines, aldehydes, alcohols, alkali metals, ketones, mercaptans, strong oxidizers, hydrides, phenols, and peroxides can cause vigorous releases of heat. Acids and bases initiate polymerization reactions in these materials. Some isocyanates react with water to form amines and liberate carbon dioxide. Base-catalysed reactions of isocyanates with alcohols should be carried out in inert solvents. Such reactions in the absence of solvents often occur with explosive violence, [Wischmeyer(1969)].from CAMEO Chemicals
8Storage and Handling
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8.1Storage Conditions
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Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities: Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.Sigma-Aldrich; Material Safety Data Sheet for Thiosemicarbazide. Product Number: T33405, Version 3.5 (Revision Date 08/22/2014). Available from, as of October 9, 2014: http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/safety-center.htmlfrom HSDB
8.2Protective Equipment and Clothing
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For emergency situations, wear a positive pressure, pressure-demand, full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or pressure- demand supplied air respirator with escape SCBA and a fully-encapsulating, chemical resistant suit. (EPA, 1998)U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1998. Extremely Hazardous Substances (EHS) Chemical Profiles and Emergency First Aid Guides. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.from CAMEO Chemicals
8.3Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
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Wear rubber gloves & gas mask. /Thiourea/ITII. Toxic and Hazardous Industrial Chemicals Safety Manual. Tokyo, Japan: The International Technical Information Institute, 1988., p. 520from HSDB
Eye/face protection: Face shield and safety glasses Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).Sigma-Aldrich; Material Safety Data Sheet for Thiosemicarbazide. Product Number: T33405, Version 3.5 (Revision Date 08/22/2014). Available from, as of October 9, 2014: http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/safety-center.htmlfrom HSDB
8.4Nonfire Spill Response
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Avoid skin contact, ingestion or inhalation. (Non-Specific — Poisonous Solid, n.o.s.) Do not touch spilled material; stop leak if you can do it without risk. Small spills: take up with sand or other noncombustible absorbent material and place into containers for later disposal. Small dry spills: with clean shovel place material into clean, dry container and cover; move containers from spill area. Large spills: dike far ahead of spill for later disposal. (EPA, 1998)U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1998. Extremely Hazardous Substances (EHS) Chemical Profiles and Emergency First Aid Guides. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.from CAMEO Chemicals
9Cleanup and Disposal
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9.1Cleanup Methods
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Accidental Release Measures. Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Wear respiratory protection. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.Sigma-Aldrich; Material Safety Data Sheet for Thiosemicarbazide. Product Number: T33405, Version 3.5 (Revision Date 08/22/2014). Available from, as of October 9, 2014: http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/safety-center.htmlfrom HSDB
9.2Disposal Methods
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Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number P116, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.40 CFR 240-280, 300-306, 702-799 (USEPA); U.S. National Archives and Records Administration’s Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. Available from, as of April 6, 2014: http://www.ecfr.govfrom HSDB
A potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A potential candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids.USEPA; Engineering Handbook for Hazardous Waste Incineration p.3-10 (1981) EPA 68-03-3025from HSDB